Python 3 Numeric Operations

List of numeric operations available in Python, with an example of each.

In Python, all numeric types (except complex) support the following operations. These are sorted by ascending priority. Also note that all numeric operations have a higher priority than comparison operations.

Operation	Result	Example
`x + y`	Sum of `x` and `y`	print(500 + 200) Result `700`
`x - y`	Difference of `x` and `y`	print(500 - 200) Result `300`
`x * y`	Product of `x` and `y`	print(500 * 200) Result `100000`
`x / y`	Quotient of `x` and `y`	print(500 / 200) Result `2.5`
`x // y`	Floored quotient of `x` and `y`	print(500 // 200) Result `2`
`x % y`	Remainder of `x / y`	print(500 % 200) Result `100`
`-x`	`x` negated	print(-500 + 200) Result `-300`
`+x`	`x` unchanged	print(+500 + 200) Result `700`
`abs(x)`	Absolute value or magnitude of `x`	print(abs(-500)) Result `500`
`int(x)`	`x` converted to integer	print(int(500.26)) Result `500`
`float(x)`	`x` converted to float	print(float(500)) Result `500.0`
`complex(re, im)`	A complex number with real part `re`, imaginary part `im`. `im` defaults to zero.	print(complex(500, 10j)) Result `(490+0j)`
`c.conjugate()`	Conjugate of the complex number `c`.	c = 3+4j print(c.conjugate()) Result `(3-4j)`
`divmod(x, y)`	The pair `(x // y, x % y)`	print(divmod(94, 21)) Result `(4, 10)`
`pow(x, y)`	`x` to the power `y`	print(pow(500, 2)) Result `250000`
`x ** y`	`x` to the power `y`	print(500 ** 2) Result `250000`

Further Operations for Integers & Floats

Floats and integers also include the following operations.

Operation	Result	Example
`math.trunc(x)`	`x` truncated to `Integral`	import math x = 123.56 print(math.trunc(x)) Result `123`
`round(x[, n])`	`x` rounded to `n` digits, rounding half to even. If `n` is omitted, it defaults to `0`.	x = 123.56 print(round(x, 1)) Result `123`
`math.floor(x)`	The greatest Integral <= `x`.	import math x = 123.56 print(math.floor(x)) Result `123`
`math.ceil(x)`	The greatest Integral >= `x`.	import math x = 123.56 print(math.ceil(x)) Result `124`

The above are some of the most commonly used operations. The Python documentation contains a full list of math modules that can be used on floats and integers, and cmath modules that can be used on complex numbers.

Bitwise Operations on Integer Types

The following bitwise operations can be performed on integers. These are sorted in ascending priority.

Operation	Result	Example
`x \| y`	Bitwise or of `x` and `y`	print(500 \| 200) Result `508`
`x ^ y`	Bitwise exclusive of `x` and `y`	print(500 ^ 200) Result `316`
`x & y`	Bitwise exclusive of `x` and `y`	print(500 & 200) Result `192`
`x << n`	`x` shifted left by `n` bits	print(500 << 2) Result `2000`
`x >> n`	`x` shifted right by `n` bits	print(500 >> 2) Result `125`
`~x`	The bits of `x` inverted	print(~500) Result `-501`